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大气科学  2006 

0302号(鲸鱼)台风降水和水粒子空间分布的三维结构特征

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2006.03.12

Keywords: 热带测雨卫星,台风,降水,水粒子,三维结构

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Abstract:

由于缺乏关于台风结构信息的高分辨率资料,即探测台风云系内部结构特征的技术限制,造成了进一步理解台风的动力传送特征的困难.作者用热带测雨卫星(TRMM,TropicalRainfallMeasuringMission)的测雨雷达(PR,PrecipitationRadar)和TRMM微波图像仪(TMI,TRMMMicrowaveImager)资料详细研究了"鲸鱼"台风(0302号)于2003年4月16日1105UTC的降水和降水云系中各种水粒子的三维结构特征.通过分析发现该时刻:(1)台风降水中大部分区域为层性降水(占总降水面积的85.5%),对流性降水占总降水面积的13.1%,但对流性降水的贡献却达到41.8%,所以,虽然对流性降水所占面积比例很少,但是它对总降水量的贡献却很大.(2)60%降水主要集中在距离台风中心100km以内的区域,约占总降水量的60%.(3)各种水粒子含量随着与台风中心距离的增加而减少.降水云系中水粒子最大含量出现高度与水粒子的种类和与台风中心的距离有关.最后,分析了台风降水和降水云系中三维分布的成因.

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