Weygandt S S,Shapiro A,Droegemeier K K.Retrieval of model initial fields from single-Doppler observations of a supercell thunderstorm.Part Ⅱ:Thermodynamic retrieval and numerical prediction.Mon.Wea.Rev.,2002,130:454～476
Liu Shun,Qiu Chongiian,Xu Qin,et al.An improved method for Doppler wind and thermodynamic retrievals.Adv.Atmos.Sci.,2005,22 (1):90～102
[4]
Sun J,Crook N A.Dynamical and microphysical retrieval from Doppler radar observations using a cloud model and its adjoint.Part Ⅰ.Model development and simulated data experiments.J.Atmos.Sci.,1997,54:1642～1661
[5]
Sun J,Crook N A.Dynamical and microphysical retrieval from Doppler radar observations using a cloud model and its adjoint.Part Ⅱ:Retrieval experiments of an observed Florida convective storm.J.Atmos.Sci.,1998,55:835～852
[6]
Parrish D F,Purser J.Anisotropic covariances in 3D-Var:Application to hurricane Doppler radar observations.HIRLAM4 workshop on Variational analysis in limited area models,Meteo-France,Toulouse,1998
[7]
Crook N A,Sun J.Assimilating radar,surface and profiler data for the Sydney 2000 Forecast Demonstration Project.J.Atmos.Oceanic Technol.,2002,19:888～898
[8]
Snyder C,Zhang F.Assimilation of simulated Doppler radar observations with an Ensemble Kalman Filter.Mon.Wea.Rev.,2003,131:1663～1677
[9]
Gao J,Xue M,Brewster K,et al.A three-dimensional variational data analysis method with recursive filter for Doppler radars.J.Atmos.Oceanic Technol.,2004,21:457～469
[10]
Tong M,Xue M.Ensemble Kalman Filter assimilation of Doppler radar data with a compressible nonhydrostatic model:OSS experiments.Mon.Wea.Rev.,2005,133:1789～1807
[11]
Zupanski D,Mesinger F.Four-dimensional variational assimilation of precipitation data.Mon.Wea.Rev.,1995,123:1112～1127
[12]
Zou X,Kuo Y H.Rainfall assimilation through an optimal control of initial and boundary conditions in a limited-area mesoscale model.Mon.Wea.Rev.,1996,124:2859～2882
[13]
Guo Y R,Kuo Y H,Dudhia J,et al.Four-dimensional variational data assimilation of heterogeneous mesoscale observations for a strong convective case.Mon.Wea.Rev.,2000,128:619～643
[14]
Zhang Lin,Ni Yunqi.Four-dimensional variational data assimilation experiments for a heavy rain case during the 2002 IOP in China.Adv.Atmos.Sci.,2005,22 (2):300～312
[15]
邱崇践,余金香,Xu Qin.多普勒雷达资料对中尺度系统短期预报的改进.气象学报,2000,58(2):244～249 Qiu Chongjian,Yu Jinxiang,Xu Qin,Use of Doppler-radar data in improving short-term prediction of mesoscale weather.Acta Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese),2000,58 (2):244～249
[16]
Gao J,Xue M,Shapiro A A,et al.Three-dimensional simple adjoint velocity retrievals from single-Doppler radar.J.Atmos.Oceanic Technol.,2001,18:26～38
[17]
Martinelli J T,Pasken R W,Lin Y J,et al.A high resolution numerical simulation of a linear mesoscale convective system utilizing the MM5-4D-Var system and single WSR-88Ddata.31st International Conference on Radar Meteorology American Meteorology Society,2003,P1C.3,Abstract and paper
[18]
Zou X,Vandenberghe F,Pondeca M,et al.Introduction to adjoint techniques and the MM5 adjoint modeling system.NCAR Technical Note,NCAR/TN-435+STR,1997,110pp[Available from National Center for Atmospheric Research,P.O.Box 3000,Boulder,CO 80307-3000.]
