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大气科学  2007 

2005年夏季中国登陆台风的环流特征

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2007.05.14

Keywords: 热带气旋,赤道辐合带,越赤道气流,澳大利亚高压,赤道低压

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Abstract:

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和中国台风网提供的2005年台风资料,研究了2005年夏季台风登陆及中国东部频发性台风暴雨的环流特征及南北半球环流系统的相互作用。2005年夏季登陆我国的台风存在显著的阶段性变化,即6月10日~7月11日西太平洋无热带气旋生成,7月12日~9月30日西太平洋热带气旋频繁活动,造成登陆我国台风间隔时间短、频数高、强度强,使得我国东部台风暴雨频繁发生。研究指出,6月10日~7月11日西太平洋无热带气旋生成与西太平洋副热带高压位置偏南、越赤道气流较弱、东亚热带辐合带(5°N~15°N,120°E~150°E)对流偏弱有关。而在7月12日~9月30日,西太平洋热带气旋活动频繁与西风槽的多次南下、西太平洋副热带高压断裂(或东撤)、东亚热带辐合带对流加强有关。进一步研究发现,气候平均态的西太平洋越赤道气流分别位于125°E和145°E附近,2005年夏季125°E和145°E附近的越赤道气流减弱,然而在7月12日~9月30日,130°E~135°E附近的越赤道气流加强并维持时间较长。130°E~135°E附近越赤道气流加强与澳大利亚高压东移以及140°E~180°E赤道低压加深有关。

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