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大气科学  2007 

近海热带气旋强度突变的垂直结构特征分析

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2007.05.11

Keywords: 热带气旋,强度突变,合成分析

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Abstract:

应用1949~2003年共55年的《台风年鉴》和《热带气旋年鉴》资料以及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,给出热带气旋强度突变标准,对中国近海突然增强和突然减弱的两组热带气旋进行合成分析和对比分析。结果表明,近海热带气旋强度变化与南亚高压、副热带高压的强度变化呈反相变化关系;环境风垂直切变小于5m/s是南海近海热带气旋突然增强的必要条件,热带气旋强度突变对环境风垂直切变变化的响应时间为18~36h;热带气旋中心附近存在数值在-6~6m/s之间纬向分布的环境风垂直切变密集带,在热带气旋突然增强时刻,中心附近环境风垂直切变经向梯度最大;风垂直切变在热带气旋突然增强过程中逐渐减弱,而在热带气旋突然减弱过程中逐渐增强;热带气旋中心附近是高低层相对涡度垂直切变的强负值区,在热带气旋突然增强过程中相对涡度垂直切变逐渐减小,在突然增强时刻最小。

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