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大气科学  2007 

城市化对珠江三角洲强雷暴天气的可能影响

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2007.02.17

Keywords: 雷暴,城市化影响,数值模拟

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Abstract:

通过对2004年8月11日午后发生在珠江三角洲地区的一次强雷暴天气的高分辨数值模拟,研究了城市化发展可能对雷暴活动的影响问题,主要考察了与城市土地利用类型改变相关的“城市热岛”的形成和演变特征,城区粗糙度增大可能引起的低层辐合的增强过程,及其与雷暴发展强度变化的关系。结果表明:模拟的雷暴发展和演变过程与这一地区城市化的发展有密切的联系。引进了更加真实的关于珠江三角洲地区的土地利用类型资料之后,耦合了陆面模式NoahLSM的MM5模式可以更加成功地模拟出强雷暴天气的发展和演变过程。雷暴系统移经主要城市区后在珠江口西岸的增强过程与这一地区“城市热岛”的效应有关。中午时热岛开始形成于广州城区的上空,之后向南移动,范围扩大。另外,城区粗糙度增大引起的低层辐合增强可能在雷暴发展和演变过程中也起到了作用。模拟的与城市影响有关的低层辐合主要位于500m以下的近地面层,开始时形成于城市的上风方向,并在下风方向增强,由此引起的强烈上升运动有利于新的对流的启动和发展,促使雷暴强度增强。

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