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大气科学  2011 

华北汛期降水月内时间尺度周期振荡的年代际变化分析

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2011.01.13

Keywords: 华北降水,月内尺度,年代际变化

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Abstract:

利用中国740站逐日降水资料和NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料,使用小波分析等方法,对华北汛期降水的月内时间尺度周期振荡的年代际变化及其原因进行了分析。结果表明:由于西太平洋副热带高压和华北夏季风的月内时间尺度周期振荡存在显著的年代际变化,使得华北汛期降水在两个不同阶段,存在着显著不同的月内时间尺度的周期振荡。在华北汛期降水偏多阶段,华北在整个汛期从开始到结束,都存在单一的、显著的3~8d天气时间尺度的周期振荡高频降水;华北日降水量具有典型的单峰结构,汛期日降水于7月下旬达到最大,随后逐步减弱,遵循着“7下8上”之规律。华北汛期降水偏少阶段,显著的天气时间尺度的高频降水,直到7月中旬才开始出现,出现时间较迟;7月22日以后,华北汛期日降水又存在着3~8d和10~20d两种时间尺度周期振荡的叠加;日降水值于7月上旬出现次极大值,随后降水有所减弱,到8月上旬出现最大值,随后降水再减弱,显示出一定的低频振荡特征;而且在7月26日至8月6日期间,10~20d低频降水又以负位相开始,正位相结束,这些都表现出和降水偏多阶段“7下8上”之规律不一样的特点。

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