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大气科学  2011 

2009年6月3~4日黄淮地区强飑线成熟阶段特征分析

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2011.01.09

Keywords: 强飑线,灾害性大风,四维变分同化风场反演,中低层结构

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Abstract:

采用多种具有较高时空分辨率的地面观测资料,及多普勒天气雷达三维数字组网系统和四维变分同化反演技术得到的高分辨率资料,分析了2009年6月3~4日发生在我国黄淮地区的强飑线天气过程的形成背景和成熟阶段特征。高空槽后强西北气流带来的冷空气和黄淮地区近地面晴空辐射增温为本次飑线发生前对流不稳定能量的产生和积累提供了大尺度条件,低层较干且温度直减率较大的环境大气有利于本次过程地面出现灾害性大风。对本次飑线系统及伴随的强对流天气现象的分析发现,在系统成熟阶段,地面雷暴高压和飑前阵风锋达到最强且强对流天气现象出现范围最大,飑线系统水平尺度达到β中尺度上限,系统内存在两条对流强回波带,它们之间云的特征及强对流天气现象具有明显差异。根据反演出的风场,分析了飑前弱回波区、飑线主体对流强回波区、飑后弱回波过渡带和层云次强回波区内水平散度和垂直速度的垂直分布,弱回波过渡带和次强回波区在整个中低层均为下沉运动,且弱回波过渡带内下沉运动要强于次强回波区,下沉气流较强而低层辐散层较薄的结构特征与地面灾害性大风关系密切。

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