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大气科学  2012 

欧亚大陆春季融雪量与东亚夏季风的可能联系

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2012.12001

Keywords: 欧亚大陆融雪量,东亚夏季风,中国夏季降水,物理机制

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Abstract:

通过对观测资料的分析,本文研究了春季欧亚大陆融雪量与东亚夏季风的关系,并初步讨论了其可能联系机制。研究表明,春季融雪量EOF(EmpiricalOrthogonalFunction)第一模态表现出年代际变化特征,这与东亚夏季风和中国夏季降水的年代际转型具有非常好的一致性。而EOF第二模态与东亚夏季风在年际尺度上具有同位相变化关系,当春季融雪量在东西伯利亚和巴尔喀什湖附近异常偏多时,后期在东亚地区容易出现由高纬至低纬的“负—正—负”经向波列结构。融雪量异常偏少时,情况则相反。文中初步分析了春季融雪量异常与后期夏季东亚地区大气环流出现经向波列结构的可能联系机制,指出东西伯利亚以及巴尔喀什湖附近异常偏多的春季融雪量能够在该地区促使位势高度场表现为正异常,随着时间的演变,巴尔喀什湖附近地区的高压向东移动发展,东西伯利亚地区的高压一部分向低纬移动,可能造成夏季东亚地区的经向波列结构,进而对东亚的天气和气候产生影响。

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