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大气科学  2013 

1961~2009年我国地面太阳辐射变化特征及云对其影响的研究

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2013.11122

Keywords: 地面太阳辐射,,全球变暗,全球变亮

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Abstract:

基于我国100个地面站点的地面太阳总辐射、日平均云量资料分析1961~2009年我国地面太阳辐射(SurfaceSolarRadiation,SSR)变化特征及云在不同时期对SSR的影响。结果显示:1961~2009年我国SSR经历了先下降后上升的变化过程,其中1961~1990年SSR显著下降(“变暗”),下降速率为-4.3%/10a(7.87Wm-2(10a)-1),各地SSR变化趋势比较一致;1990年后SSR开始上升(“变亮”),上升速率为2.8%/10a(2.4Wm-2(10a)-1),各地SSR变化趋势不如前一阶段一致,但没有显著的地域分布特征。晴空条件的设置对1961~1990年各站点SSR变化特征影响不大,仍为大范围下降(“变暗”),但对1990~2009年的结果影响显著。相比全天空条件的结果,晴空条件下1990~2009年我国SSR变化有明显的南北特征,南方地区以“变亮”为主,而北方地区大多继续“变暗”,但“变暗”速度减缓。1961~1990年我国总云量总体呈小幅下降趋势,下降速率很慢,这一时期总云量与全天空SSR没有很好的对应关系;1990~2009年我国总云量总体呈小幅上升趋势,有显著的南北分布差异,北方地区以上升趋势为主,南方地区以下降趋势为主,期间云量与全天空情况下SSR有很好的对应关系。这些结果表明,在“变暗”阶段,云对SSR的作用不显著,而在“变亮”阶段,云的作用变得较为突出。

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