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地质学报  2003 

煤岩显微组分热解气相色谱特征与化学结构剖析

, PP. 135-143

Keywords: 煤岩显微组分树皮体镜质体丝质体热解气相色谱化学结构

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Abstract:

煤结构是目前地球化学研究领域中的一个难点,但却具有极其重要的理论及实际意义,本文采用分步热解气相色谱技术将树皮体,镜质体和丝质体分解为分子量较小的可测定的有机化合物,在此基础上,据不同温度下热解产物的组成特征来还原显微组分的化学结构,实验结果表明,煤显微组分主要由四大类官能团组成,一是热稳定性较低的NOS杂原子官能团;二是脂族(脂链、脂环)结构;三是苯、烷基苯(甲苯、二甲苯)、萘等芳香族化合物,四是热稳定性很高的难以分解的稠环芳烃。上述四类化合物集中于显微组分的不同结构简单中,树皮体和镜质体结构单元外侧主要由热稳定性较低的杂原子化合物以及分子量较小的苯和烷基苯组成,而丝质体结构单元外侧则主要以短链脂族结构为主,三组分结构核部由热稳定性很高的难以分解的稠环芳烃组成。连结核部稠环芳烃与结构单元外侧杂原子等官能团的主要是热稳定性较高的脂链结构,煤显微组分热成烃主要按结构中各官能团键的强弱随热演化程度的加深依次脱除,生成油气,基本上属平行独立依次反应机制,亦“官能团脱除型”,此外,还包括少量的长链脂族结构裂解为短链脂肪烃的“解聚”过程。

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