Achache J, Courtillot V, Zhou Y. 1984. Paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of southern Tibet since Middle Cretaceous time: New paleomagnetic data and synthesis. J. Geophys. Res., 89:10311～10399.
[2]
Bajpai S. 1998. Biotic constraints on the timing of initiation of continental sedimentation in the Indus suture zone, Ladakh Himalaya. Special Issue, Geological Bulletin, University of Peshwar, 13th Himalaya- Karakoram -Tibet Workshop. 31: 24～25.
[3]
Beck R A, Burbank D W, Sercomoe W J, et al. 1995. Stratigraphic evidence for an early collision between northwest India and Asia. Nature, 373(5): 55～58.
[4]
Berggren W A, Kent D V, Swishero Ⅲ C, et al. 1995. A revised Cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy. In: Berggren W A, Kent D V, eds. Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation. SEPM Spec. Publ. , 54: 129～218.
[5]
Burke K C A, Dewey J F, Kidd W S F. 1974. The Tibetan Plateau, its significance for tectonics and petrology. Geol. Soc. Amer. Abs. , Programs, 6: 1027～1028.
[6]
Compton J S, Mallinson D J. 1996. Geochemical consequences of increased late Cenozoic weathering rates and the global CO2 balance since 100 Ma. Paleoceanography, 11(4): 431～446.
[7]
Ding Lin, Zhong Dalai, 1999. The metamorphic characteristics and geotectonic implications of the high-presure in Namjagbarwa area, Tibet. Chinese Science Bulletin, 29(5): 491～497.
[8]
Hao Yichun, Wan Xiaoqiao. Marine Cretaceous and Tertiary in Tingri area, Tibet. Contributions to Qingahi-Xizang (Tibet) Geology, 17, Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 227 ～ 232.
[9]
Jaeger J J, Courtillot V; Tapponinner P. 1989. Paleontological view of the ages of the Deccan Traps, the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, and the India-Asia collision. Geology, 17: 316～319.
[10]
Klootwijk C T, Gee J S, Peirce J W, et al. 1991. Constraints on the India-Asia convergence: Paleomagnetic results from Ninetyeast Ridge. In: Weissel J, Peirce J W, et al. eds. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, scientific results. College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, 121: 777～884.
[11]
Kump L R. 1989. Alternative modeling approaches to the geochemical cycles of carbon, sulfur and strontium isotopes. Am. J. Sci. ,289: 390～410.
[12]
Li Xianghui, Wang Chengshan, Hu Xiumian. 2001. Latest Marine Non-carbonate Sediment in Tibet: Significance to Closure of the Neo-Tethys Sea. Acta Geologica Sinica, 75(3): 314～321.
[13]
Liu Chengjie, Yin Jixiang, Sun Xiaoxing, et al. 1988. The non-flysch marine Upper Cretaceous - Paleogene in the Xigaze forearc basin, southern Tibet. Treatise of Geology Institute, Chinese Academy,3: 130～157(in Chinese).
[14]
Maluski H, Matte P, Brunel M. 1988. Argon 39-Argon 40 dating of the metamorphic and plutonic events in the North and High Himalayas belts (southern Tibet-China). Tectonics, 7: 299～326.
[15]
Miller K G, Fairbanks R G, Moutain G S. 1987. Tertiary oxygen isotope synthesis, sea level history, and continental margin erosion. Paleoceanography, 2: 1～19.
[16]
Patriat P, Achache J. 1984. India-Eurasia collision chronology has implications for crustal shortening and driving mechanism of plates. Nature, 311: 615～621.
[17]
Powell C M, Conaghan P J. 1975. Tectonic models of the Tibetan Plateau. Geology, 3: 727～731.
[18]
Qayyum M, Lawrence R D, Niem A R. 1997. Molasse-delta-flysch continuum of the Himalayan orogeny and closure of the Paleogene Katawaz Remnant Ocean, Pakistan. Intern. Geol. Rev., 39:861～875.
Richter F M, Rowley D B, Depaolo D J. 1992. Sr isotope evolution of sea water. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 109: 11～23.
[21]
Rowley D B. 1996. Age of initiation collision between India and Asia: A review of stratigraphic data. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 145:1～13.
[22]
Rowley D B. 1998. Minimum age of initiation of collision between India and Asia North of Everest based on the subsidence history of the Zhepure Mountain Section. The Journal of Geology, 106:229～235.
[23]
Searle M P, Windley B F, Coward M P, et al. 1987. The closing of Tethys and the tectonics of the Himalaya. GSA Bull. , 98: 678～701.
[24]
Searle M P, Pickering K T, Cooper D J W. 1990. Restoration and evolution of the intermontane Indus molasse basin, Ladakha Himalaya, India. Tectonophysics, 174: 301～314.
[25]
Stille P. 1992. Nd-Sr isotope evidence for dramatic changes of paleocurrents in the Atlantic Ocean during past 80 m. y. Geology, 20: 387～390.
[26]
Tibet Geological Survey. 1983. Geology report to regional investigation of the People\'s Republic of China (1:1000000, Xigaze H-45 and Yadong G-45). Beijing: Geological Publishing House (in Chinese).
[27]
Veevers J J, Powell C McA, Johnson B D. 1975. Greater India\'s place in Gondawanaland with in Asia. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , 27:383～387.
[28]
Wan Xiaoqiao. 1987. Planktonic foraminiferal zones of Cretaceous in Tibet. Contributions to Qingahi-Xizang (Tibet) Geology, 18:112～121.
[29]
Wang Liancheng, Wang Dongan. 1982. Sedimentary rocks in southern Tibet. Beijing: Science Press(in Chinese).
[30]
Willems H, Zhang B. 1993. Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary sediments of the Tibetan Tethys Himalaya in the area of Tingri (South Tibet, PR China). Ber FB Goewiss Univ Bremen, 38: 28～47.
[31]
Willems H, Zhou Z, Zhang B, et al. 1996. Stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary strata in the Tethyan Himalayas of Tibet (Tingri, area, China). Geol. Rundsch, 85: 723～754.
[32]
Yu Guangming, Wang Chengshan. 1990. Sedimentary Geology in Tibetan Tethys. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 167(in Chinese).
[33]
Allègre C J, and 34 others. 1984. Structure and evolution of the Himalaya～Tibet orogenic belt. Nature, 307: 17～22.
[34]
Bajpai S. 1999. Paleontological constrains on the timing of India-Asia contact: Evidence from peninsular India and Ladakh Himalaya. Terra Nostra, 14th Himalaya-Karakoram-Tibet Workshop. 2:12.
[35]
Besse J, Courtillot V, Pozzi J P, Westphal M, Zhou Y X. 1984. Paleomagnetic estimates of crustal shortening in the Himalayan thrusts and Zangbo suture. Nature, 311: 621～626.
[36]
Chen Y, Courtillot V, Cogne J P, et al. 1993. The configuration of Asia prior to the collision of India. Journal of Geophysics Reviews, 98(21): 927～21, 941.
[37]
Dewey J, Shackleton R M, Chang C, Sun Y. 1988. Tectonic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., A327:379～413.
[38]
Einsele G, Liu B, Dürr S B, et al. 1994. The Xigaze forearc basin:evolution and facies architecture (Cretaceous, Tibet). Sedimentary Geology, 90: 1～32.
[39]
Klootwijk C T, Conaghan P J, Powell C Mc A. 1985. The Himalayan Arc: large scale continental subduction, oroclinal bending and back-arc spreading. Earth Planet. Sci. Letters, 75: 167 ～ 1183.
[40]
Klootwijk C T, Gee J S, Peirce, J W, et al. 1992. An early India-Asia contact, paleomagnetic constrains from Ninetyeast Ridge, ODP Leg 121. Geology, 20: 395～398.
[41]
Le Fort P. 1996. Evolution of the Himalaya. In: Yin A, Harrison T M, eds. , The Tectonics of Asia. New York: Cambridge University Press, 95～106.
[42]
Li Xianghui, Wang Chengshan, Hu Xiumian, et al. 2000. The Pengqu Formation: a new Eocene stratigraphical unit in Tingri area, Tibet. Journal of Stratigraphy, 24(3): 243～248.
[43]
Matte Ph, Mattauer M, Olivet J M, et al. 1997. Continental subductions beneath Tibet and the Himalayan orogeny: a review. Terra Nova, 9: 264～270.
[44]
Palmer M R, Elderfield H. 1985. Sr isotope composition of sea water over the past 75 Myr. Nature, 314: 526～528.
[45]
Patzelt A, Li H, Wang J, et al. 1996. Palaeomagnetism of Cretaceous to Tertiary sediments from southern Tibet: evidence for the extent of the northern margin of Indian prior to the collision with Eurasia. Tectonophysics, 259: 259～284
[46]
Prasad G V R, Khajuria C K. 1995. Implications of the infra- and inter-trappean biota from the Deccan, India, for the role of volcanism in Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary extinctions. Journal of the Geological Society of London. 152(2): 289～296.
[47]
Prasad G V R, Jaeger J J, Sahni A, et al. 1994. Eutherian mammals from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Intertrappean Beds of Naskal, Andhra Pradesh, India. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14(2): 260～277.
[48]
Robaszynski F, Caron M. 1995. Foraminifères planctoniques du Crétacé: commentaire de la zonation Eruope-Méditerranée. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 166: 681 ～ 692.
[49]
Salnil A. 1982. The structure, sedimentation and evolution of Indian continental margins. In: Nairn A E M, Churkin M Jr, Stehlil F R G, eds. The Ocean Basins and Margins. New York: Plenum Press, 353～398.
[50]
Stainforth R M, et al. , 1975. Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation, and characteristics of index forms. Univ. Kansas Paleontol. Contrib. , article 62: 1-425.
[51]
Tapponnier P, Monlar P. 1976. Slip-line field theory and large-scale continental tectonics. Nature, 264: 319～324.
[52]
Tibet Geological Survey. 1987. Geology report to regional investigation of the People\'s Republic of China (1:1000000, Gadake H-44). Beijing: Geological Publishing House (in Chinese).
[53]
Wan Xiaoqiao, Wang Chengshan, Wan Luo. 1997. Discovery of foraminifer fossils and their chronostratigraphy in the Xigaze foreac basin, Tibet. Acta Geologica Sinica, 71(3): 193～200.
[54]
Wang Chengshan, Liu Zhifei, Li Xianghui, et al. 1999. Xigaze forearc basin and Yarlung Zangbo suture zone, Tibe. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 237(in Chinese).
[55]
Wescott W A. 1980. Fan-delta sedimentology and tectonic setting. AAPG Bull. , 64(3): 1236～1275.
[56]
Yin A, Harrison T M. 2000. Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 28: 211～280.
