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地质学报  2005 

贵州寒武系底部碳同位素负异常的地层学和生物学意义

, PP. 157-164

Keywords: 碳同位素,生物演化,前寒武纪―寒武纪界线,贵州

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Abstract:

贵州境内早寒武世早期几乎都是黑色页岩沉积。最近在贵州福泉英坪寒武系底部却发现了一套泥岩夹薄层灰岩,它为研究早寒武世早期海洋地球化学特征提供了条件。贵州福泉英坪前寒武系―寒武系界线附近的碳同位素强烈的负异常特征可与全球同期碳同位素进行对比,它对应于中国云南会泽小歪头山段底部、蒙古TsagaanOloom组顶部、西伯利亚SalarrnyGol组顶部、美国西南、伊朗、安曼、波兰、纽芬兰、英国、加拿大等地新元古代―寒武纪界线附近的强烈碳同位素负异常,它可作为划分前寒武系―寒武系界线重要依据。该剖面上碳同位素强烈负异常之下有8m厚的黑色页岩和硅质岩,在黑色页岩中发现有大量高肌虫和虫管化石,说明缺氧的黑色页岩沉积期间海洋中有大量的生物生活,但到了灰绿色泥岩和灰岩互层的碳同位素强烈负异常层段,则几乎没有生物化石。可以说缺氧事件对前寒武系―寒武系界线附近生物绝灭事件似乎没有很大的影响,而碳同位素强烈的负异常事件与前寒武系―寒武系界线附近生物大绝灭关系更为密切。

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