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地质学报  2010 

宁夏香山群徐家圈组发现深水复合流沉积构造

, PP. 221-232

Keywords: 香山群,复合流,内波,沉积构造

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Abstract:

宁夏香山群徐家圈组是由灰绿、黄绿色轻变质中-细粒砂岩、钙质砂岩及粉砂岩和页岩(板岩)组成的深水沉积。在上部灰绿色页岩所夹的中层钙质粉砂岩中发现了复合流层理、准平行层理、不对称小型丘状交错层理;在下部灰绿色厚层-块状中-细粒长石石英砂岩的顶面发现了小型波痕,波痕的形态、波长与波高的分布规律均表现出复合流的沉积特征。本文根据水槽实验和现代海洋沉积观测所总结出的复合流底床相图和前人在研究地层中较浅海浊流(超重流)与波浪所形成的复合流沉积时给出的复合流沉积示意图,分别对徐家圈组所发现的①小型2-D波痕至小型3-D波痕的演化和②复合流痕、平行层理、准平行层理和小型丘状交错层理的叠置关系及其纹层所反映的流动方向与沉积时浊流方向的关系,进行了解释。结果表明,所发现的复合流层理、准平行层理、不对称小型丘状交错层理及小型波痕应为复合流沉积,并依据徐家圈组存在内波沉积的事实,推测为深水高频内波与浊流形成的复合流沉积。这可能是地层中深水复合流沉积构造的首次发现,同时也是内波与浊流形成的复合流沉积的首次发现。

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