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地质学报  2011 

大别造山带沙坪沟特大型斑岩钼矿床年代学及成矿机理研究

, PP. 2039-2059

Keywords: 大别造山带,沙坪沟斑岩钼矿,锆石U-Pb年龄,Re-Os年龄

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Abstract:

沙坪沟钼矿是我国新发现的最大的斑岩钼矿床,位于大别造山带的西缘,是秦岭-大别钼矿带东缘的一部分。主体为隐伏矿床,地表钼矿化较弱,钼矿主要以脉状产于花岗斑岩和石英正长岩中,花岗斑岩是主要赋存岩体,含矿斑岩普遍见有钾化、黄铁绢英岩化,发育爆发角砾岩,野外观察及钻孔揭示钼矿成矿与斑岩体中的爆发角砾岩有密切关系。地球化学研究显示,成矿主体为偏酸性,钙碱性富钾低钙低钠的花岗斑岩。斑岩中辉钼矿的Re-Os年龄测定结果表明等时线年龄为111.1±1.2Ma,含矿斑岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为111.5±1.7Ma,伴生的石英正长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为111.6±1.9Ma.同时花岗岩中锆石CL图像显示钼矿成矿过程中受到受到显的热液活动作用,热液成因的锆石Y/Ho和Ce4+/Ce3+明显高于其他岩浆成因锆石,不在“CHARAC”场范围。锆石的Ce4+/Ce3+和(Eu/Eu*)N值反应出沙坪沟钼矿样品氧逸度程度偏低,呈现出不同于斑岩铜(钼)矿的演化趋势。全岩锆石钛温度计计算出花岗斑岩和石英正长岩的温度分别为830?C和860?C。由相邻钼矿床成矿年代对比可知,沙坪沟钼矿床与秦岭-大别钼矿带的第三期成矿环境相同,位于三叠纪大别山主碰撞带的北部,属于弧后位置。到燕山中晚期,由于太平洋板块的后撤,中国东部岩石圈大规模拆沉,软流圈被扰动,产生石英正长岩。高温石英正长岩浆的上侵,致使深埋的变质富钼沉积物发生部分熔融,形成钼矿。

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