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地质学报  2011 

黄河水及其悬浮物硅同位素组成的变化特征及其地质环境意义

, PP. 1613-1628

Keywords: 黄河,悬浮物,溶解硅,硅同位素

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Abstract:

2005年7月沿黄河干流及4条主要支流系统采集了28个水样,对水及悬浮物的化学组成、矿物组成、水化学成分和硅同位素组成进行了综合分析。黄河水中悬浮物在不同站点的浓度差异悬殊,由8.8到302120mg/L不等,与黄河两岸人类活动(水库、牧场、农田)和自然环境变化(流域岩性、植被覆盖程度)关系密切。悬浮物中SiO2含量介于41.39~67.85%之间,平均值54.67%,与中国黄土(59.81%)接近。黄河悬浮物中硅同位素δ30Si变化范围为-0.5~0.0‰,反映了粘土矿物(-1.9~0.0‰)和碎屑矿物(-0.3~0.3‰)以不同比例混合的结果。黄河水的溶解硅浓度范围0.68~6.90mg/L,相应的硅同位素δ30Si变化范围为-0.2~2.1‰。从上游到下游整体呈上升趋势,但波动较为明显,该趋势可能与流域植物和作物的生长情况有关,此外,还可能与水中HCO3-浓度有关。在此次研究中,黄河入海口(渤海)样品溶解硅的δ30Si值为1.1‰,低于长江入海口(东海)水中溶解硅的δ30Si值(3.0‰),这不但为评估世界河流对海洋硅同位素组成的影响提供了新的资料,同时也说明对地表不同地理位置、具有不同水文地貌特征的不同河流开展系统、深入的硅同位素研究对探索全球硅同位素循环有十分重要的意义。

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