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地质学报  2011 

中天山东段尾亚印支早~中期石英闪长岩――陆内俯冲与原生下陆壳部分熔融

, PP. 1420-1434

Keywords: 闪长岩,原生陆壳,陆内俯冲,印支期,尾亚,天山

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Abstract:

前人对东天山海西期的构造~热事件作了大量研究,得出了许多方面的重要认识。东天山印支期的构造演化到底是海西期的延续,还是受控于另一构造域,至今仍不清楚。因此,印支期岩浆岩岩相学、地球化学和同位素地质学的综合研究,对阐明本区印支期的构造演化具有重要意义。产于中天山东段的尾亚石英闪长岩形成于印支早~中期。该岩石主要组成矿物为石英(10~15%)、斜长石(An35-40,55~60%)、钾长石(1~10%)、黑云母(10~15%)和角闪石(5~10%)。岩石地球化学分析表明,尾亚石英闪长岩的SiO2含量介于62.40%~65.25%之间,其Al2O3含量(16.06%~16.90%)高,TiO2含量(0.70%~0.88%)低,Na2O/K2O?1(1.26~1.75),铝饱和指数(ASI)为0.91~0.93,具准铝质、高钾钙碱性岩系的特征。该岩石富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)Cs、Rb、Ba、K以及Pb和高场强元素(HFSE)U、Th以及Zr等,亏损高场强元素Nb;具有轻稀土(LREE)富集、重稀土(HREE)亏损以及轻、重稀土之间分异明显的特征。Sr,Nd和O同位素分析表明,尾亚石英闪长岩Sr和Nd初始值分别为0.70672~0.70879和0.512413~0.512441,氧同位素值(SMOW,‰)为8.64~8.73,其?Nd(t)为1.64~2.16,Nd的模式年龄为0.79~0.80Ga。这些特征表明,尾亚石英闪长岩既不是幔源岩浆直接分异的产物,也不是幔源岩浆与壳源的酸性岩浆在深部岩浆房混合的产物,而是由原生的下陆壳中~高钾的变质玄武岩在高温(1000~1100℃)和高压(16~18kbar)条件下部分熔融的结果。作者认为,造成尾亚石英闪长岩成岩的动力和热力来源,归根结蒂,可能与古特提斯洋板块于晚二叠世纪到三叠纪向北俯冲诱发了本区陆内俯冲有关。本文研究结果表明,东天山印支期可能不是海西期的延续演化过程,而是已经受到古特提斯构造域的显著影响。

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