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地质学报  2009 

北苏鲁威海地区伟晶岩的形成过程及其与超高压岩石深熔作用的成因关系

, PP. 1687-1702

Keywords: 北苏鲁超高压地体,深熔作用,伟晶岩,Hf同位素,UPb定年,锆石

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Abstract:

在北苏鲁超高压变质带的威海地区,普遍发育与含黑云母正片麻岩深熔作用存在密切成因关系的伟晶岩,它们主要以规模不一的脉体、无根不规则的透镜体赋存于超高压的含黑云母正片麻岩中。锆石中矿物包体的激光拉曼鉴定、锆石阴极发光图像分析、不同性质锆石微区UPb定年以及锆石原位微量元素和LuHf同位素测试等综合研究结果表明,伟晶岩(WH19)中的锆石成因相对复杂,可划分为两种类型:第一类具有强发光效应(白色)的继承性岩浆结晶锆石的核(Ic)、强发光效应(灰白色)新生岩浆结晶锆石的幔(m)和相对弱发光效应(黑色)的岩浆结晶锆石的边(r);第二类具有强发光效应(灰白色)新生岩浆结晶锆石的核(c)和相对弱发光效应(黑色)的岩浆结晶锆石的边(r)。其中继承性岩浆结晶锆石核部(Ic)的矿物包体为Qtz+Kfs+Pl+Ap,与围岩含黑云母正片麻岩的基质矿物组合十分相似。继承性岩浆结晶锆石核部(Ic)记录的??206?Pb/??238?U年龄为769~228Ma,所组成的不一致线的上交点年龄为788±21Ma,下交点年龄为225±20Ma,这两组年龄分别与围岩含黑云母正片麻岩的原岩形成时代和超高压变质时代完全一致,表明该类继承性岩浆锆石来源于围岩含黑云母正片麻岩。新生岩浆结晶锆石的核部(c)和幔部(m)的矿物包体为Qtz+Kfs+Ap,与伟晶岩的基质矿物组合相似,记录的??206?Pb/??238?U年龄为223~217Ma,谐和年龄为219.5±1.4Ma,应代表伟晶质岩浆的形成年龄或新生岩浆的初始结晶年龄。这组年龄比含黑云母正片麻岩的超高压年龄偏新,表明深熔作用应滞后于苏鲁地体超高压变质时代,更有可能发生于构造折返麻粒岩相升温减压退变质阶段。新生岩浆结晶锆石的边部(r)矿物包体相对较少,记录的??206?Pb/??238?U年龄为217~211Ma,谐和年龄为214.6±1.7Ma,应代表伟晶质岩浆结晶结束的时代。继承性岩浆结晶锆石(Ic)的??176?Lu/??177?Hf=0.00031~0.00360,??176?Hf/??177?Hf(?t?)=0.282051~0.282348,εHf(?t?)=-8.3~2.4,?T???DM2?=1.43~2.02Ga,与围岩含黑云母正片麻岩中岩浆结晶锆石的LuHf同位素特征完全一致,这进一步充分证明了新元古代含黑云母正片麻岩是深熔作用形成的伟晶质岩浆的母岩。麻粒岩相退变质阶段形成的新的岩浆结晶锆石的核部(c)和幔部(m)与继承性岩浆结晶锆石的Hf同位素特征存在明显差异,???176?Lu/???177?Hf=0.00031~0.00099,??176?Hf/??177?Hf(?t?)=0.282175~0.282225,εHf(?t?)=-16.7~-14.9,?T???DM2?=?1.91?~2.0Ga,表明在麻粒岩相退变质阶段,围岩含黑云母花岗岩的深熔作用是在开放体系条件下进行的。与新生岩浆结晶锆石核部(c)和幔部(m)对比,新生岩浆结晶锆石的边部(r)具有偏低的??176?Hf/??177?Hf(?t?)、εHf(?t?)和更加离散的???176?Lu/???177?Hf(?t?)值,??176?Lu/??177?Hf(?t?)=0.00059~0.00288,??176?Hf/??177?Hf(?t?)=0.282110~0.282168,εHf(?t?)=-20.6~-17.3,?T???DM2?=2.03~2.21Ma,表明伟晶质岩浆在临近结晶结束时仍然处在一个相对开放的体系条件。

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