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地质学报  2009 

大巴山构造带东段秭归盆地侏罗纪沉积充填过程及其构造演化

, PP. 1255-1268

Keywords: 侏罗纪,沉积作用,物源分析,黄陵背斜,秭归盆地

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Abstract:

位于大巴山构造带东段秭归盆地较为完整地保存了侏罗纪地层,其沉积和构造演化过程可划分两个不同阶段,即早侏罗世受西北缘断裂走滑控制的伸展阶段和中、晚侏罗世受东部黄陵地区抬升挤压消亡的阶段。下侏罗统香溪组底部砾岩表明侏罗纪盆地开始形成。盆地北缘的砾岩较厚,主要形成于冲积扇和辫状河体系,并在其砾石中发现化石砾石,显示距离物源区较近。盆地东南部和南部砾岩较薄,形成于曲流河沉积环境。古水流和碎屑物源分析表明,盆地早期沉积物主要来自于盆地北部神农架地区。中侏罗统泄滩组和陈家湾组以湖泊相沉积为主。上沙溪庙组和下沙溪庙组为较成熟的曲流河沉积,沉积砾岩中无灰岩和燧石,几乎全部为泥岩砾石。上侏罗统遂宁组和蓬莱镇组虽然也为曲流河沉积,但其河床砂岩底部再次出现了灰岩、燧石等砾石。另外,中侏罗统上部和上侏罗统古水流方向为自东向西,指示物源区变为盆地东部的黄陵背斜地区。盆地的沉积充填特征和盆地西北缘具左行走滑运动的高桥断裂,以及北部南倾的多条逆断层表明断层对盆地形成的主控作用。黄陵背斜地区后期的不断抬升对秭归盆地有重大影响,持续的抬升可能导致盆地消亡。秭归盆地的沉积充填和演化过程,是对大巴山构造带东段“燕山运动”的响应。

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