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地质学报  2011 

青藏高原东北部基底卷入型褶皱的形成机制探讨

, PP. 34-55

Keywords: 小峡,基底卷入型褶皱,厚皮构造,青藏高原

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Abstract:

摘要:青藏高原东北部小峡背斜是一个新生代发展起来的基底卷入型背斜。研究表明背斜的形成至少经历了两次变形,新生代早期由于印度-欧亚板块的碰撞(~49Ma),造成了西宁盆地顺时针旋转,在此变形中,背斜基底早期发育的北西向断层以及新生断层开始右行走滑,造成了小峡地区盖层轴向北西向褶皱的形成。在新生代中晚期(49-5Ma),由于西宁盆地南北缘左行走滑运动致使盆地基底中早期北北东向断层和新生的R’断层活动导致了目前的小峡背斜主体的形成,构造研究表明,这些透入性北东向断层的活动使得基底变形宏观上表现出一定的“韧性”,背斜基底的变形以断层活动为主,而盖层属于以弯滑作用控制的褶皱变形,两者的变形与Trishear机制有些类似。小峡背斜的形成表明,基底中早期断层是控制背斜形成的重要因素之一,而高原下地壳的增厚可能与该类型的褶皱形成有关。

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