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前期西太平洋暖池热含量异常影响长江中下游夏季降水的可能途经

DOI: 10.6038/cjg20140609, PP. 1769-1781

Keywords: 西太平洋暖池,热含量,长江中下游夏季降水,前兆信号,遥相关

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Abstract:

利用日本气象厅历史海温资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、海表温度和降水资料,研究了1951-2010年前期西太平洋暖池(简称暖池)热含量异常与长江中下游夏季降水的关系,及其可能影响途径.结果表明,前期暖池热含量与长江中下游夏季降水存在超前2个季节的显著负相关关系,前期11-1月(即上年11月-当年1月,下同)暖池关键区(166.5°E-173.5°W,7.5°S-3.5°N)0~200m热含量的偏低(高)对长江中下游夏季降水偏多(少)的预测有重要指示意义.前期暖池热含量异常的持续存在,及其外强迫作用激发的具有一定斜压性结构的夏季东亚-太平洋型遥相关(EAP),可能是影响长江中下游夏季降水的主要原因.暖池热含量在前期11-1月异常偏低导致其西北侧菲律宾异常反气旋形成并维持,夏季菲律宾异常反气旋向西北方向扩展加强,东亚沿岸EAP波列形成,使得长江中下游及其以东的西北太平洋副热带地区受异常气旋控制,且长江中下游地区为北方冷空气与南方暖湿气流的交汇区.同时,对流层高层东亚沿岸亦存在位置较中低层向西北偏移的EAP波列,长江中下游及其以南地区为异常偏强高压,高层辐散与中低层辐合相配合,有利于长江中下游地区对流发展和降水增多;反之亦然.

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