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青藏高原东缘现今三维地壳运动特征研究

DOI: 10.6038/cjg20131010, PP. 3334-3345

Keywords: 青藏高原东缘,GPS,水准测量,三维地壳运动,汶川地震

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Abstract:

利用国家重大科学工程"中国地壳运动观测网络"、"中国构造环境观测网络"和相关项目1999—2011年GPS区域站观测资料,获得了青藏高原东缘地区现今地壳水平运动速度场图像;结合地质构造动力环境和区内发生的特大地震事件,初步分析了GPS观测反映的水平运动空间分布的分区差异性和时间变化的阶段性;进而与本研究区1970s—2011年水准测量获得的垂直运动背景场进行综合对比,进一步研究和探讨了区域现今三维地壳运动的时空分布特征及其机理.结果认为:①青藏高原东缘不同构造地带水平运动强度和方式的差异,受控于青藏高原向北挤压、向东挤出和绕东构造结旋转作用;而运动状态随时间变化的阶段性(尤其是汶川地震发震断裂及其相关构造地带)与特大地震的孕育、发生有关.②现今三维地壳运动呈现的高原山地挤压缩短隆升、盆地伸展下沉的山、盆构造活动分异与构造动力环境和深部物质活动有关,反映了新构造活动的继承性.③龙门山汶川发震地段长期受压、闭锁积累的应变能经Ms8.0特大地震集中释放之后处于松弛调整运动状态,但与之相关联的构造部位以及外围的西秦岭、川滇菱形块体东边界等构造地带应变积累仍在持续.

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