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云南西部地壳深部结构特征

DOI: 10.6038/cjg20130614, PP. 1915-1927

Keywords: 宽角反射/折射,二维地壳速度模型,红河断裂,小江断裂,云南西部

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Abstract:

在云南西部,穿过红河、小江断裂带完成了一条长360km、呈北东向的深地震宽角反射/折射剖面.通过对该测线的观测资料进行一维、二维模拟解释,得到了沿剖面的二维地壳速度模型.研究结果显示,沿测线Moho界面埋深横线变化大,其西南侧Moho埋深约35km,东北侧Moho最大埋深可达43km.沿剖面从西南到北东方向,地壳平均P波速度从5.9km/s逐渐增加到6.13km/s,但显著低于全球大陆平均值.结合以往的接收函数和面波联合反演结果,我们推算沿测线从西南到东北,其下方地壳泊松比介于0.23~0.25之间.剖面西南侧上地壳具有异常低的P波速度和泊松比,暗示其下方上地壳以α-相长英质组分为主;而剖面东北上地壳相对较高的P波速度和泊松比则暗示其物质组成以花岗岩-花岗闪长岩为主.研究区下地壳的P波速度和泊松比分别介于6.25~6.75km/s和0.24~0.26km/s之间,暗示其上部组成以花岗岩相的片麻岩为主,而下部组成则以角闪石类岩石为主.红河断裂两侧地壳速度显著不同,从浅到深其速度差异逐渐变弱,但红河断裂两侧地壳厚度变化较大.而小江断裂下方两侧地壳速度和地壳厚度变化并没有红河断裂那么明显.

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