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含能材料  2011 

1,1′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑一水合物和2,2′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑的热安全性

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2011.02.002

Keywords: 物理化学,1,1′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑一水合物,2,2′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑,热安全性

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Abstract:

借助不同加热速率(β)的非等温DSC曲线离开基线的初始温度(T0)、onset温度(Te)和峰顶温度(Tp),采用Kissinger法和Ozawa法求得热分解反应表观活化能(EK和EO)和指前因子(AK),Hu-Zhao-Gao方程求得be0(orp0),Zhao-Hu-Gao方程求得ae0(orp0),微热量法确定的比热容(Cp),以及密度(ρ)、热导率(λ)和分解热(Qd,取爆热之半)数据;根据Zhang-Hu-Xie-Li公式、Hu-Yang-Liang-Xie公式、Hu-Zhao-Gao公式、Zhao-Hu-Gao公式、热力学关系式、Smith方程、Friedman公式、Bruckman-Guillet公式、Frank-Kamenetskii公式和Wang-Du公式和Yoshida公式,计算了1,1′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑一水合物(1,1′-DMATZ)和2,2′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑(2,2′-DMATZ)在β→0时的T0、Te和Tp值(T00、Te0和Tp0)、分解反应的活化热力学参量(ΔG≠、ΔH≠、ΔS≠)、热爆炸临界温度(Tbe和Tbp)、绝热至爆时间(tTIad)、撞击感度50%落高(H50)、热点起爆临界温度(Tcr,hoto-spot)、热爆炸临界环境温度(Tacr)、热安全度(Sd)、热爆炸概率(PTE)、爆炸能力(Ep)和以间二硝基苯为基准的撞击敏感性(SS)。结果表明,(1)1,1′-DMATZ对热是稳定的;(2)1,1′-DMATZ对热的抵抗能力好于2,2′-DMATZ;(3)影响二甲基-偶氮四唑热安全的主要因素是甲基在分子中所处的位置。

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