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含能材料  2014 

1-氨基-3,5-二硝基-1,2,4-三唑的合成工艺改进及性能

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2014.02.011

Keywords: 有机化学,合成,胺化反应,1-氨基-3,5-二硝基-1,2,4-三唑(ADNT),热分解

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Abstract:

以3,5-二氨基-1,2,4-三唑为原料合成出中间体3,5-二硝基-1,2,4-三唑(DNT)钠盐(Ι),用2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰羟胺(MSH)胺化Ι,得到了目标物1-氨基-3,5-二硝基-1,2,4-三唑(ADNT),收率66%。采用红外、核磁、质谱及元素分析表征了ADNT的结构。确定了较佳的反应条件:室温,摩尔比n(DNT-Na+)∶n(MSH)=1∶1.5,反应时间12h。采用差示扫描量热法研究了ADNT的热性能,其熔点为128.7℃,分解峰温为225.8℃。按GJB772-1997测试ADNT的撞击感度为H50大于112cm(落锤2kg),表明ADTN为性能良好的低感炸药。

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