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含能材料  2014 

2-甲基-4,5-二硝基三唑-1-氧化物的合成与表征

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2014.01.003

Keywords: 有机化学,2-甲基-4,5-二硝基三唑-1-氧化物,合成,表征,量化计算

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Abstract:

以乙二醛、甲基肼和盐酸羟胺为起始原料,经缩合、肟化,生成的中间体不经分离直接加入硫酸铜-吡啶-水体系,缩合环化得到2-甲基三唑-1-氧化物(MTO)。并用硝硫混酸硝化合成出2-甲基-4,5-二硝基三唑-1-氧化物(DNMTO),由文献报道的4步反应缩减为2步,总收率16%,纯度99%。对采用红外光谱、核磁、质谱以及元素分析等对MTO和DNMTO进行了结构表征。确定了缩合环化反应与硝化反应最佳反应条件为100℃,反应0.5h。在B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ基组水平上对DNMTO的结构进行了优化,获得稳定的几何构型、键级,并得出温度对热力学性能影响的关系式。结果表明:热能、热容、熵均随温度的升高而增大。

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