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含能材料  2015 

1-二叠氮甲基亚氨基-5-叠氮四唑的合成与理论研究

DOI: 10.11943/j.issn.1006-9941.2015.03.005

Keywords: 1-二叠氮甲基亚氨基-5-叠氮四唑(DACAT) 合成 密度泛函理论 性能计算

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Abstract:

以三氨基胍盐酸盐为原料, 经重氮化取代反应和环化反应合成了1-二叠氮甲基亚氨基-5-叠氮四唑(DACAT)。用IR、13C NMR和14N NMR鉴定了它的结构。考察了三氨基胍盐酸盐/亚硝酸钠摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间、体系的pH对反应收率的影响。用密度泛函理论, 在B3LYP/6-31G(d, p)基组水平下优化了DACAT的几何结构。用Monte-Carlo法、完全基组法(CBS-4M)和Kamlet-Jacobs公式分别计算了DACAT的理论密度(ρ)、气相生成焓(ΔfHg, mθ)、固相生成焓(ΔfHs, mθ)、爆速(D)和爆压(p)。结果表明, 最佳反应条件为:n(三氨基胍盐酸盐):n(亚硝酸钠)=1:2, 重氮化取代反应温度为0 ℃, 环化反应温度为20 ℃, pH值为8.0, 重氮化反应和环化反应时间各为30 min。两步反应的总收率为12.6%。所得DACAT的ρ、ΔfHg, mθ、ΔfHs, mθ、D和p值分别为1.7628 g·cm-3、1590.42 kJ·mol-1、1435.44 kJ·mol-1、8725 m·s-1和34.52 GPa

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