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含能材料  2011 

1-甲基-3,5-二硝基-1,2,4-三唑的合成及表征

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2011.05.004

Keywords: 有机化学,含能材料,1-甲基-3,5-二硝基-1,2,4-三唑(MDNT),3,5-二氨基-1,2,4-三唑(DAT),合成

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Abstract:

以双氰胺、二盐酸肼为起始原料,经缩合环化、重氮化硝化、甲基化等三步反应合成1-甲基-3,5-二硝基-1,2,4-三唑(MDNT),总收率为16.75%。精制后,熔点95~96℃,纯度大于99%,用核磁氢谱(1HNMR)、红外光谱(IR)、元素分析对其结构进行了表征。同时,改善了3,5-二氨基-1,2,4-三唑(DAT)的萃取工艺,改用热的甲醇萃取,DAT收率由89.0%提高到96.5%。用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了MDNT的热分解性质。结果表明,MDNT的热分解分为两个阶段,分别为95.7℃和230.2℃,它的熔化热为16.505kJ·mol-1,分解热为112.582kJ·mol-1。

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