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含能材料  2014 

非爆炸且不可还原农用硝酸铵的热行为

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2014.05.023

Keywords: 分析化学,硝酸铵,非爆炸且不可还原农用硝酸铵,热分析,热稳定性

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Abstract:

为分析、比较商用硝酸铵(AN)和自制非爆炸/不可还原农用硝酸铵(NEIFAN)的热稳定性,用热重(TA)-差热扫描量热(DTA)-微商热重(DTG)、差示扫描量热(DSC)和绝热量热(ARC)研究了AN和NEIFAN的晶转变化、热分解特性和绝热分解过程,得到了绝热分解温度与压力随时间、自加热速率与分解压力随温度的变化曲线,计算了绝热假零级分解反应动力学参数——表观活化能和指前因子。结果表明,与AN相比,NEIFAN在88℃左右的晶转峰消失,显示NEIFAN有更好的热物理稳定性。由TA-DTA-DTG和DSC曲线所得的NEIFAN的热分解峰温度和由ARC数据所得的NEIFAN的假零级绝热分解反应的表观活化能比AN的相应值高,表明NEIFAN比AN有更好的热稳定性。认为,NEIFAN的物理化学稳定性的提高应归因于NEIFAN中无机和有机添加剂的联合作用。

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