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含能材料  2014 

聚合氮的研究进展

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2014.03.028

Keywords: 有机化学,全氮化合物,聚合氮(Poly-N),立方体偏转结构聚合氮(cg-N),氮金刚石,聚合物

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Abstract:

全氮化合物是推进剂和炸药等高能密度材料(HEDM)有应用前景的候选物。在全氮化合物中,聚合氮特别是立方偏转结构聚合氮(cg-N)的能量最高,理论计算显示cg-N的密度为3.9g·cm-3,比冲为500s,爆压是HMX的十倍有余。cg-N已于2004年通过在金刚石对顶砧中在2000K高温、140GPa高压下压缩氮气实验制得,但是在常温常压下还无法稳定保存;如果在常温环境下能够得到稳定的聚合氮,这将是含能材料领域的一次里程牌式的飞跃。本文就这种立方偏转晶体结构的聚合氮和之前发现的无定形聚合氮进行了综述,并详细地阐述了以N2/H2(2/1,体积比)混合物在室温下约85GPa条件下制得的N2/H2聚合氮合金的性质。

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