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海洋通报  2011 

海洋溢油生态损害快速预评估模式研究

DOI: 10.11840/j.issn.1001-6392.2011.6.019, PP. 702-706

Keywords: 海洋,溢油,生态损害,评估

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Abstract:

海洋作为石油资源的主要产地和运输路线,海上溢油事故对海洋生态系统的损害十分巨大。为了评估溢油对海洋生态系统的损害,研制一套海洋溢油生态损害的快速预评估方法和模式非常必要,且对于海洋管理和生态索赔具有重要意义。本文建立了一套适用于渤海海域的海洋溢油生态损害快速预评估模式,该模式将海洋溢油生态损失分为两部分,即海洋环境容量损失和海洋生态服务功能损失,筛选出溢油量、溢油面积、溢油品质、生态敏感系数以及生态系统服务功能五大指标作为输入参数,运用环境经济学方法、卫星遥感技术以及成果参照法等方法对五个参数进行量化,快速评估海洋溢油生态损失。将该模式应用于“塔斯曼海”轮溢油案件进行验证,结果较为符合实际,且评估时间大大缩短,具有一定的实际应用价值。

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