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海洋通报  2011 

渔业捕捞对威海港附近海域底上大型底栖群落结构影响的初步研究

DOI: 10.11840/j.issn.1001-6392.2011.2.001, PP. 121-126

Keywords: 底上群落,威海港,群落结构,渔业捕捞

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Abstract:

根据2009年8月对威海港附近海域9个站位的拖网调查资料,初步分析了威海港近海底上大型底栖动物的群落结构特征,包括群落种类组成、优势种、丰度和生物量、多样性等,并采用MDS和CLUSTER分析了大型底栖动物的群落结构。结果表明:本次调查共采到底栖动物48种,其中甲壳动物19种,鱼类14种,各站位的大型底栖动物物种数从3种到23种不等。通过对总物种数、物种多样性、物种丰富度和物种均匀度的分析发现,位于航道的WH5站和位于养殖区附近的WH9站与其它各站存在明显区别,结合MDS、CLUSTER、ABC分析的结果得出结论,威海港附近海域的底上大型底栖动物群落已经受到了渔业捕捞的严重影响,研究海域的底上大型底栖动物群落受到明显的扰动,而生物多样性和生物量基本呈现从近岸到远海逐渐升高的趋势。航道航运较之渔业捕捞扰动更剧烈,同时海洋水产养殖的养殖筏架对保护大型底栖动物多样性具有一定的积极作用。

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