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海洋通报  2012 

上层海洋对热带气旋的响应与反馈研究进展

DOI: 10.11840/j.issn.1001-6392.2012.2.016, PP. 233-239

Keywords: 热带气旋,飓风,台风,上层海洋,数值模式

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Abstract:

对60年来有关上层海洋与热带气旋(TropicalCyclone,简称TC)的响应与反馈的研究进行了回顾,通过观测手段的完善和改进模式的应用,人们的认识不断提高:TC直接激发的近惯性流最大可达1m/s,其导致的强烈的剪切造成混合层对下层冷水的夹卷是引起混合层降温的主要原因,并往往伴随着混合层深度的增加,这一影响在TC右侧更为显著,并可延续几天到几十天不等。TC导致的混合层降温会使得海洋输出的热通量减少,反过来削弱TC的强度,形成一个负反馈,而海洋特殊的热力和环流结构(如暖涡、洋流等)则对TC有正反馈。所以了解TC经过前的海洋初始场对研究TC与海洋之间的相互作用、对预测TC的强度、路径变化等尤其重要;通过准确的初始场结合越来越完善的模式可以对TC更真实的模拟和预测,使得对TC准确的预报和预警成为可能。

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