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淀山湖后生浮游动物群落结构特征分析

, PP. 122-131

Keywords: 淀山湖,浮游动物,群落结构,富营养化

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Abstract:

于2008年10月至2009年10月对淀山湖浮游动物的群落结构组成及现存量进行了调查研究.共鉴定浮游动物80种,其中轮虫46种(58%),枝角类21种(26%),桡足类13种(16%),优势种主要为螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratellacochlearis)、矩形龟甲轮虫(Keratellaquadrata)、曲腿龟甲轮虫(Keratellavalga)、萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionuscalyciflorus)、裂足臂尾轮虫(Brachionusdiversicornis)、长额象鼻溞(Bosminalongirostris)、简弧象鼻溞(Brachionuscoregoni)、微型裸腹溞(Moinamicrura)、广布中剑水蚤(Microcyclopsleuckarti)、球状许水蚤(Schmackeriaforbesi)和汤匙华哲水蚤(Sinocalanusdorrii).淀山湖浮游动物的月平均密度为(356±334)ind./L,最高值出现在2009年5月,为1260ind./L,最低值出现在2008年12月,为52ind./L;淀山湖浮游动物的月平均生物量为(12.67±12.53)mg/L,最高值出现在2009年7月,为40.85mg/L,最低值为2008年12月的1.45mg/L.水平分布上,浮游动物周年年均生物量在S11(水产养殖场)最高,生物密度和生物量分别达208ind./L和22.77mg/L,S9(威尼斯别墅段)样站年平均密度最低,为208ind./L;年平均生物量最低点出现在S7站位,仅为6.91mg/L.淀山湖浮游动物Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数(H)变动在0.841~2.187之间,平均为1.718,采用生物多样性指数法对水质状况进行初步评价,结果显示淀山湖水体总体呈现α-中污型污染程度.

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