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沱湖自然保护区鸟类群落结构及其多样性指数分析

, PP. 124-133

Keywords: 沱湖&searchField=keyword">沱湖')"href="#">沱湖,鸟类,群落结构,物种多样性

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Abstract:

2008年4月~2009年5月,采用样线法对沱湖自然保护区的鸟类物种多样性进行了调查,共记录有鸟类13目33科69种,其中国家Ⅰ类保护鸟类2种、国家Ⅱ类保护鸟类6种、安徽省地方重点保护鸟类31种.69种鸟类中古北界鸟类42种(62.0%),东洋界鸟类6种(8.5%).69种鸟类中留鸟有12种,占鸟类总数的16.9%;侯鸟57种,占83.1%.生物多样性指数为1.26,不同季节和生境有明显的变化,水草滩涂和丛林是鸟类栖息的主要生境,不同生境中鸟类多样性指数(H)表现为滩涂(1.3681)>丛林(1.2586)>农田(0.8059)>水域(0.7390)>居民区(0.6420);均匀性指数(E)表现为水域(0.3800)>滩涂(0.3761)>丛林(0.3600)>人工湿地(0.3142)>居民区(0.2677).沱湖是众多水鸟的越冬地和迁移途中停歇地,在淮河流域湿地水鸟保护中具有重要的地位和作用,自然环境恶化和人类活动是该地区水鸟面临的主要威胁.

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