全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

错流超滤技术在海水胶体态铀、钍、镭同位素和有机碳研究中的应用

, PP. 51-59

Keywords: 错流超滤技术,海洋胶体,铀、钍同位素,镭同位素,有机碳

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

建立了由预过滤装置、蠕动泵、中空纤维超滤膜(AmiconH10P10-20,标称截留分子量10KDa)和连接管组成的错流超滤系统,利用荧光标记的40KDa葡聚糖和已知放射性活度的234Th示踪剂评估了超滤膜的截留和吸附性质,探讨了234Th在超滤过程中的渗透行为,考查了该系统用于实际海水样品时铀、钍、镭同位素和有机碳的质量平衡状况.结果表明,10Kda中空纤维超滤膜对40Kda葡聚糖具有良好的截留效率(85%),而吸附损失率为18%.铀、钍、镭同位素和有机碳在超滤过程中均达到极佳的质量平衡,回收率R=95%~98%,优于大多数文献报道的值.234Th在超滤过程中的渗透行为可以很好地用渗透模型加以描述.研究组分胶体态含量占“溶解”态含量的份额大小顺序如下:钍同位素、有机碳、镭同位素约等于铀同位素,这与钍为强颗粒活性元素、铀和镭为水溶性元素的地球化学性质相吻合.

References

[1]  Moran S B, Buesseler K O. Size-fractionated 234Th in continental shelf waters off New England: implications for the role of colloids in oceanic trace metal scavenging. J Mar Res, 1993, 51:893~922
[2]  Amon R M W, Benner R. Rapid cycling of high-molecular-weight dissolved organic matter in the ocean. Nature, 1994, 369:549~552
[3]  Guo L, Santschi P H, Cifuents A, et al. Cycling of high molecular weight dissolved organic matter in the Middle Atlantic Bight as revealed by carbon isotopic (13C and 14C) signatures. Limnol Oceanogr, 1996, 41:1242~1252
[4]  Guo L, Santschi P H, Baskaran M. Interactions of thorium isotopes with colloidal organic matter in oceanic environments. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical Engineering Aspects, 1997, 120:255~271
[5]  Guo L, Santschi P H. Composition and cycling of colloids in marine environments. Reviews Geophysics, 1997, 35:17~40
[6]  Buesseler K O, Bauer J, Chen R, et al. Sampling marine colloids using cross-flow filtration: overview and results from an intercomparison study. Mar Chem, 1996,55:1~31
[7]  Guo L, Santschi P H. A critical evaluation of ultrafiltration for dissolved organic carbon in seawater. Mar Chem, 1996, 55:113~127
[8]  Wen L S, Stordal M C, Tand D, et al. An ultraclean cross-flow ultrafiltration technique for the study of trace metal phase speciation in seawater. Mar Chem, 1996, 55:129~152
[9]  Gustafsson O, Buesseler K O, Gschwend P M. On the integrity of croww-flow filtration for collecting marine organic colloids. Mar Chem, 1996, 55:93~111
[10]  谢永臻.南海及厦门邻近海域镭同位素地球化学的研究[博士论文].厦门大学,1994.91
[11]  陈 敏,黄奕普,邱雨生.天然海水中238U,234Th的富集、纯化与测定.同位素,1997,10(4):190~204
[12]  Dai M H, Buesseler K O, Ripple P, et al. Evaluation of two cross-flow ultrafiltration membranes for isolation marine organic colloids. Mar Chem, 1998, 62:117~136
[13]  Whitehouse B G, Yeats P A, Strain P M. Cross-flow filtration of colloids from aquatic environments. Limnol Oceanogr, 1990,35:1368~1375
[14]  Baskaran M, Santschi P H, Benoit G, et al. Scavenging of Th isotopes by colloids in seawater of the Gulf of Mexico. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1992, 56:3375~3388
[15]  Niven S E H, Kepkay P E, Boraie A. Colloidal organic carbon and colloida; 234Th dynamics during a coastal phytoplankton bloom. Deep Sea Res, Part II, 1995, 42:257~273
[16]  Santschi P H, Guo L, Baskaran M, et al. Isotopic evidence for the contemporary origin of high-molecular weight organic matter in oceanic environments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1995, 59:625~631
[17]  Huh C A, Prahl F G. Role of colloids in upper ocean biogeochemistry in the northeast Pacific elucidated from 238U-234Th disequilibria. Limnol Oceanogr, 1995, 40:528~532
[18]  Logan B, Jiang Q. Molecular size distributions of dissolved organic matter. J Environ Eng, 1990,116:1046~1062
[19]  Kilduff J, Weber W J Jr. Transport and separation of organic macromolecules in ultrafiltration processes. Environ Sci Technol, 1992, 26:569~577

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133