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现代海底热液活动的热和物质通量估算

, PP. 115-121

Keywords: 热液活动,热通量,物质通量,指数衰减法

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Abstract:

对现代海底热液活动所导致的热和物质的通量研究是非常重要的,因为这不仅涉及到海洋环境研究的基础,而且涉及到海水性质的历史演化.当前对热通量估算的主要依据是来自对热液烟囱、低温扩散流及洋中脊的观测数据,然而在对烟囱体热通量的估算中很少考虑同时存在的传导项,半空间冷却模型的热通量密度函数与实际数据误差较大.因此,应用了三种方法重新估算了热液活动的热通量:(1)通过烟囱体及扩散流估算的热液热通量为97.359GW;(2)通过热液羽状体估算的热通量为84.895GW;(3)利用所提出的指数衰减法,通过洋壳传导通量估算的热通量为4.11TW.对物质通量估算的研究较少,其原因是现场观测数据太少.以大西洋中脊TAG区热液流体为代表首次估算了不同元素的物质通量.用不同方法所得估算值的差异反映了人类对热液活动的认知程度,系统地现场观测将有助于准确估算热液活动对海洋的贡献.

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