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海底大型多金属硫化物矿体内的流体过程

, PP. 111-120

Keywords: 海底热液活动,大型多金属硫化物矿体,热场与流场,数值模拟

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Abstract:

海底多金属硫化物矿体内热场和流场分布控制着多金属硫化物矿体的形成过程和成矿机制。在大洋钻探计划(ODP)和已有模拟实验研究的基础上,构建了一个具有三层结构的非均质海底多金属硫化物矿体模型,并利用地下热水系统体系模拟软件(Hydrothermal)模拟了不同渗透率情况下多金属硫化物矿体内部热场和流场的形态特征。模拟结果表明:(1)在均质海底硫化物矿体内随着瑞利数的增加,流体对流加强,运移速度加快,矿体温度降低;(2)多金属硫化物矿体的分层和介质的不均一性是控制矿体内的温度场结构、流体运移模式的重要因素,在很大程度上影响着矿体内部海水与热液流体的混合、矿物的沉淀/溶解等;(3)在大型多金属硫化物矿体区,热液流体的集中喷溢("黑烟囱")主要分布在矿体内部热源位置的上方,介质渗透率分布特征是影响烟囱区位置的重要因素。

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