COWEN J P, DeCARLO E H, McGEE D L. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigrphic dating of a ferromanganese crusts from Schumann Seamount[J]. Marine Geology,1993,115:289-306.
[3]
PULYAEVA I A, MELNIKOV M E. Manganese crusts of the Marcus-Wace and Magellan Seamounts: structure, composition and age //Marine Geology and Paleoceanography: 30th International Geological Congress. Abstracts,Vol.2. Washington:U S Govt Printing Office, 1996:236.
[4]
KU T L, KUSUKABE M, NELSON D E, et al. Constancy of oceanic deposition of 10Be as recorded in manganese crusts[J]. Nature, 1982,299: 240-242.
[5]
MANGINI A, SEGL M, KURDRASS H, et al. Diffusion and supply rates of 10Be and 230Th radioisopes in two manganese encrustations from the South China Sea[J]. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1986,50: 149-156.
[6]
ANDERSEN M E, MacDOUGALL J D. Accumulation rates of manganese nodules and sediments: an alpha track method[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 1977,4: 351-353.
[7]
McDOUGALL J D. The distribution of total alpha radioactivity in selected manganese nodules from the North Pacific: implications for growth processes[M]//BISHOP J L, PIPER D. Marine Geology and Oceanography of the Pacific Manganese Nodule Province. New York:Plenum, 1979: 775-789.
[8]
INGRAM B L, HEIN J R, FARMER G L. Age determination and growth rates of Pacific ferromanganese deposits using strontium isotopes[J]. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1990, 54: 1709-1721.
[9]
HEIN J R, BOHRSON W A, SCHULZ M S, et al. Variations in the fine-scale composition of a central Pacific ferromanganese crust: paleoceanographic implications[J]. Paleoceanography, 1992, 7: 63-77.
[10]
PUTEANS D, HALBACH P. Correlation of Co concentration and growth rate-A method for age determination of ferromanganese crusts[J]. Chem Geol, 1988,69: 73-85.
[11]
MANHEIM F T, LANE-BOSTWICH C M. Cobalt in ferromanganese crusts as a monitor of hydrothermal discharge on the Pacific Ocean sea floor[J]. Nature, 1988,335: 59-62.
[12]
JANIN M C. Micropaleontology of polymetallic concretions from the central Pacific:Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Mid-Pacific Mountains, Line Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago (Eocene-Recent) [J]. Mem Soc Geol Fr Ser, 1987,152:315.
[13]
MELNIKOV M E, PULYAEVA I A. Ferromanganese crusts of Markus-Wake Rise and Magellan Seamounts of the Pacific Ocean[J]. Tikhooceanskaya Geologia (in Russian), 1994,4: 13-27.
[14]
ROTH P H. Calcareous nannofossils-Leg 17, Deep Sea Drilling Project //Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project,Vol.17.Washington:U S Govt Printing Office,1973:695-795.
[15]
PERCH-NIELSEN K. Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils[M]// BOLLI H M, SAUNDERS J B, PERCH-NIELSEN K. Plankton Stratigraphy. (Cambridge Earth,Vol.2. Science Ser).Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press, 1985: 427-554.
[16]
MARTINI E. Standard Tertiary and Quaternary calcareous nannoplankton zonation // FARINACCI A. Proc 2nd Planktonic Conf.Planktonic Microfassils.Roma:Ed Tecnosci, 1971: 739-785.
[17]
GARTNER S.Nannofossils and biostratigraphy: an overview[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 1977,13(3):227-250.
[18]
MARTINI E , WORSLEY T. Standard Neogene calcareous nannoplankton zonation[J]. Nature, 1970,225: 289-290.
[19]
MARTINI E ,WORSLEY T. Tertiary calcareous nannoplankton from the western equatorial Pacific // Init Rep DSDP, Vol.7.Washington:U S Govt Printing Office,1971: 1471-1507.
[20]
BUKRY D. Phytoplankton stratigraphy, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 20, western Pacific Ocean // Init Rep DSDP, Vol.16.Washington:U S Govt Printing Office,1973:307-317.
[21]
SHUMENKO S I. Calcareous nannoplankton(in Russian) . Gelendzhik:State Scientific Centre Yuzhmorgeologia, 1987.
[22]
BOLLI H M, SAUNDERS J B, PERCH-NIELSEN K. Plankton Stratigraphy[M].Cambridge, London, New York: New Rochelle, 1985.
[23]
BEEGGREN W A, KENT D V, FLYNN S J. Jurassic to Paleogcene: Part 2. Paleogcene geochronology and chronostratigraphy // SNELLING N J.The Chronology of the Geological Record. Oxford: Published for the Geological Society by Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1985:141-195.
[24]
BERGGREN W A, KENT D V, SWISHER C C, et al. A revised Cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy // BERGGREN W A, KENT D V, AUBRY M P, et al. Geochronology, Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation.Tulsa, Oklahoma :SEPM Special Publication 54. 1995: 129-212.
WU Guang-hai,ZHOU Huai-yang, ZHANG Hai-sheng, et al. New index of ferromanganese crusts reflecting oceanic environmental oxidation[J]. Science in China,2007,50(3):371-384.
[27]
SEGL M, MANGINI A, BONANI G, et al. Be-dating of a manganese crust from central North Pacific and implications for ocean paleocirculation[J]. Nature, 1984,309: 540-543.
[28]
FUTA K, PETERMAN Z E, HEIN J R. Sr and Nd isotopic variations in ferromanganese crust from the central Pacific: implications for age and source provenance[J]. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1988, 45: 513-528.
[29]
VONDERHAAR D, McMURTRY G, MAHONEY J J. Chemical and isotopic stratigraphy of a ferromanganese crust from the Hawaiian Archipelago[J]. EOS, 1988,69:1501.
[30]
JANIN M C. Biostratigraphy of polymetallic concretions of the Tuamotu Archipelago based on the calcareous nannofossils[J]. Bull Soc Geol Fr, 1985,1: 79-87.
JANIN M C. The imprints of cenozoic calcareous nannofossils from polymetallic concretions: biostratigraphic significance for two crusts from the central Pacific[J]. Abh Geol, 1987,B-A 39: 121-141.
[33]
EDWARDS A R,PERCH-NIELSEN K. Calcareous nannofossils from the southern southwest Pacific, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 29 // Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project,Vol.29. Washington: V S. Govt Printing Office, 1975:469-539.
[34]
OKADA H, BUKRY D. Supplementary modification and introduction of code numbers to the low latitude coccolith biostratigraphic zonation[J]. Mar Micropaleotol,1980, 5: 321-325.
[35]
BUKRY D. Coocolith stratigraphy, eastern equatorial Pacific, Leg. 16, Deep Sea Drilling Project // Init Rep DSDP, Vol.16.Washington:U S Govt Printing Office,1973:653-711.
[36]
BUKRY D. Cretaceous and Paleocene coccolith stratigraphy, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg. 26 // Init Rep DSDP.Washington:U S Govt Printing Office,1975:669-673.
[37]
BUKRY D. Biostratigraphy of Cenozoic marine sediment by calcareous nannofossils[J].Micropaleontology, 1978, 24(1):44-60.
[38]
BERGGREN W A, KENT D V , Van COUVERING L A. The Neogene: Part 2. Neogene geochronology and chronostratigraphy // SNELLING N J. The Chronology of the Geological Record . Oxford: Published for the Geological Society by Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1985: 211-260.