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珠江河口地形致动力结构研究——以崖门为例

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2013.05.003, PP. 29-36

Keywords: 地形边界,动力结构,动量平衡,珠江河口

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Abstract:

局部地形对于河口动量和能量平衡有重要作用,影响了潮波性质和物质输运特性。选取珠江河口崖门这一典型的地貌单元,通过水尺和座底式支架的观测,对其特殊地形边界影响下的动力结构进行了探讨。结果表明:(1)过水面积的缩窄导致崖门口处形成局部高水位区,来流方向水位壅高,去流方向水位梯度增大;(2)忽略斜压作用的情况下,由水位梯度所产生的正压项是主要的动力项。沿河道方向的二维垂向平均动量平衡中,急流时刻主要是正压项和对流加速度项平衡,憩流时刻主要是正压项和局地加速度项平衡;(3)地形变化所产生的形态阻力比床面粗糙所产生的肤面阻力要大数倍到一个数量级。

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