Takahashi T. The fate of industrial carbon dioxide[J]. Science, 2004, 305:352-353．
[2]
Weiss R F. Carbon dioxide in water and seawater:the solubility of a non-ideal gas[J]. Mar Chem, 1974, 2:203-215．
[3]
Asher W E, Pankow J F. The interaction of mechanically generated turbulence and interfacial films with a liquid phase controlled gas/liquid transport process[J].Tellus, 1986, 38B:305-318．
[4]
Wanninkhof R, Asher W E, Ho D T, et al. Advances in quantifying air-sea gas exchange and environmental forcing[J]. The Annual Review of Marine Science, 2009(1):213-244．
[5]
Wanninkhof R. Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange.over the Ocean[J].J Geophs Res, 1992:97(C5):7373-7382．
[6]
Nightingale P D, Mailin G, Law C S, et al. In-situ evaluation of air-sea gas exchange parameterization using novel conservative and volatile tracers[J]. Global Biogeochem Cycles, 2000, 14: 3733-87．
[7]
Sweeney C, Coauthors. Constraining global air-sea gas exchange for CO2 with recent bomb 14C measurements[J]. Global Biogeochem Cycles, 2007, 21:GB2015．
[8]
Monahan E C, Spillane M C. The role of oceanic whitecaps in air-sea gas exchange[M]// Brutssaert W, Jirka G H.Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces. Reidel, Boston, 1984:95-503.
[9]
Woolf D K. Parametrization of gas transfer velocities and sea-state-dependent wave breaking[J]. Tellus, 2005, 57B:87-94.
[10]
Bates N R. Interannual variability of oceanic CO2 and biogeochemical properties in the western North Atlantic subtropical gyre[J].Deep-Sea Res Ⅱ, 2001, 48:1507-1528．
[11]
Takahashi T, Coauthors. Global sea-air CO2 flux based on climatological surface ocean p CO2, and seasonal biological and temperature effects[J]. Deep-Sea ResⅡ, 2002, 49:1601-1622.
[12]
Atlas R, Hoffman R N, Ardizzone J, et al. Development of a new cross-calibrated, multi-platform (CCMP) ocean surface wind product[C]// The Proceedings of the AMS 13th Conference on Integrated Observing and Assimilation Systems for Atmosphere, Oceans, and Land Surface (IOAS-AOLS), 2009．
[13]
Borgne R L, Feely R A, Mackeyd T, et al. Carbon fluxes in the equatorial Pacific: A synthesis of the JGOFS programme[J].Deep-Sea Res Ⅱ, 2002, 49:2425-2442．
[14]
Olsen A, Wanninkhof R, Trinanes J A, et al. The effect of wind speed products and wind speed-gas exchange relationship on interannual variability of the air-sea CO2 gas transfer velocity[J]. Tellus, 2005, 55B:95-106．
[15]
Marland G, Boden T. The increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2, how much, when and why? [C].Erice International Seminar on Planetary Emergencies, 26th Session, Erice, Sicily, Italy, 19-24 August 2001. 2001, Available online at http://cdiac.ornl.gov/
[16]
Sabine C L, Coauthors. The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2[J].Science, 2004, 305: 367-371．
[17]
Deacon E L. Gas transfer to and across an air-water interface[J]. Tellus, 1977, 29: 363-374．
[18]
Lorke A, Peeters F. Toward a unified scaling relation for interfacial fluxes[J]. Notes and Correspondence, 2006:955-961．
[19]
Liss P S, Merlivat L. Air-sea exchange retes:Introduction and synthesis[M]//The Role of Air-sea Exchange in Geochemical Cycling.D. Reidel Noewell, Mass, 1986:113-129.
[20]
Wanninkhof R, Mcgills W R. A cubic relationship between air-sea CO2 exchange and wind speed[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 1999, 26:1889-1892．
[21]
Woolf D K. Bubbles and the air-sea transfer velocity of gases[J].Atmos-Ocean, 1993, 31(4):517-540．
[22]
Zhao D, Toba Y, Suzuki Y, et al. Effect of wind waves on air-sea gas exchange: proposal of an overall CO2 transfer velocity formula as a function of breaking-wave parameter[J].Tellus, 2003, 55B:478-487．
[23]
Zhao D, Xie L. A practical bi-parameter formula of gas transfer velocity depending on wave states[J].J Oceanorg, 2010, 66: 663-671．
[24]
Wanninkhof R, Doney S C, Takahashi T, et al. The effect of using time-averaged winds on regional air-sea CO2 fluxes[M]//Donelan M, Drennan W, Saltzman E, et al. Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces. Washington, D C:AGU Geophys, Monograph 127, 2002:351-356.
[25]
Takahashi T, Feeley R A, Weiss R, et al. Global air-sea flux of CO2 an estimate based on measurements of sea-air p CO2 difference.Carbon Dioxide and climate change[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 1997, 94:8292-8299．
[26]
Takahashi T, Wanninkhof R H, Feely R A, et al. Net sea-air CO2 flux over the global oceans: An improved estimate based on the sea-air p CO2 difference[C]// Proceedings of the Second International Symposium, CO2 in the Oceans. Tsukuba, Japan, 1999:9-14．
[27]
Takahashi T, Coauthors. Climatological mean and decadal change in surface ocean p CO2, and net sea-air CO2 flux over the global oceans[J]. Deep-Sea Res Ⅱ, 2009, 56:554-577．
[28]
Smith S D. Wind stress and heat flux over the ocean in gale force winds[J].J Phys Oceangr, 1980, 10:709-726．
[29]
Ledvina D V, Young G S, Miller R A, et al. The effect of averaging on bulk estimates of heat and momentum fluxes for the tropical western Pacific Ocean[J].J Geophs Res, 1993, 98(C11):20211-20217．
