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尼罗河三角洲全新世海平面变动及其对环境的影响——与长江三角洲的对比

, PP. 77-83

Keywords: 海平面变动,尼罗河三角洲,全新世

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Abstract:

利用泥炭(33个)和潟湖(65个)14C测年数据重建了尼罗河三角洲全新世海平面的变动过程,结果显示潟湖样品比泥炭更为有效地反映出海平面变动特征:距今7000a时海平面约位于现今-10m,距今5000a时约为-5m,距离2000a时已接近现代.海侵强度和范围受古地貌和区域沉降的影响呈现出东北部大、中部其次、西部最小.随着海平面上升速率减小,三角洲在约距今7000a时开始建造,并广泛发育潟湖、沙坝和平原河流沉积体系.此后,海平面趋于稳定,人类活动增强,导致海岸沉积环境大片萎缩、消亡.同样利用泥炭(45个)测年数据重建了长江三角洲全新世海平面变动,结果与尼罗河的差异较大,可能是两地沉降差异所致.近代长江三角洲人类活动也是导致环境退化的主要原因.

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