全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

海湾扇贝养殖过程中的流行病学调查研究

, PP. 137-144

Keywords: 海湾扇贝,流行病学调查,死亡率,类立克次体,类支原体

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

2001~2002年,对莱州湾养殖海湾扇贝进行了较系统地流行病学调查研究.以海湾扇贝养殖集中海区莱州市金城镇扇贝养殖场为定点调查和样品采集点.调查内容主要包括海湾扇贝各养殖期的死亡率和可疑病原生物检测,同时对pH,溶解氧,温度,盐度等理化环境因子进行连续监测.调查结果显示:海湾扇贝在0.5~1.3cm的幼贝阶段死亡率较高,达50%;随后死亡率降低,1.3~2.2cm的幼贝阶段死亡率约为20%,以后各阶段死亡率平稳,均在7%以下,累积死亡率约为60%.对环境理化因子的调查显示,pH,溶解氧、盐度的变化幅度不大,与扇贝死亡率无明显相关性;温度变化与死亡率有一定的相关性,即低温(20℃以下)可能是养殖海湾扇贝幼贝重要的环境胁迫因子,而高温(27℃左右)对海湾扇贝成贝生长无不良影响.通过对可疑致病性生物因子的调查研究及病理学观察表明,海湾扇贝在养殖过程中可感染多种微生物,其中原核微生物类立克次体(RLO)在养殖过程各生长阶段均可检出,即0.5,1.5,3.0,3.6和5.0cm的海湾扇贝RLO的感染率分别为15%,35%,80%,50%和20%;RLO的感染强度分别为1.0,1.5,16.0,11.5和5.0.在病原生物检查过程中,除RLO以外还发现有类支原体原核生物(MLO)寄生.结合感染强度和组织病理学的相关性分析,初步认为类立克次体(RLO)可能是海湾扇贝在海上吊养的幼贝阶段发病死亡的致病因子.

References

[1]  于瑞海,王如才,田传远,等.栉孔扇贝大面积死亡的原因分析及预防探讨[J],海洋湖沼通报,1998,(3):69-72.
[2]  过峰,孙耀,曲克明,等.日照石臼扇贝养殖水域夏季环境调查分析[J],海洋水产研究,1999,20(1):45-51.
[3]  张维翥,吴信忠.扇贝大规模死亡病原病因学研究进展及其防治策略[A].中国科学技术协会.病虫害防治绿皮书[M].北京:2003.166-170.
[4]  吴信忠,潘金培.热带海洋珍珠贝类立克次体病研究:Ⅳ.组织细胞病理学研究[J].海洋学报,1999,21(2):93-98.
[5]  GULKA G ,CHANG hang P W. Prokariotic infection associated with a mass mortality of the sea scallop,Placopectenmagellanicus[J].J Fish Diseases. 1983,7(6):355-364.
[6]  GULKA G, PEI W C. Pathogenicity and infectivity of a Rickettsia-like organisms in the sea scallop, Placopecten magellanicus [J]. J.Fish Diseases. 1984,8(6) :309-318.
[7]  王运涛,相建海.栉孔扇贝大规模死亡的原因探讨[J].海洋与湖沼,1999,30(6):770-774.
[8]  吴信忠,潘金培,江静波.热带海洋珍珠贝类立克次体(RLO)病研究:Ⅶ.大珠母贝育苗期幼虫群体RLO病流行病学研究[J].海洋学报,2002,24(6):67-75.
[9]  SUSAN E FORD, FRANCISCO J. Borrero, epizootiology and pathology of juvenile oyster disease in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica[J]. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2001,78(3): 141-154.
[10]  MEYERS T R. Endemic diseases of cultured shellfish of Long Island, New York: adult and juvenile American oysters (Crassostrea virginica ) and hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) [J]. Aquaculture , 22 (4): 350-330.
[11]  张福绥,杨红生.山东沿岸夏季栉孔扇贝大规死亡原因分析[J],海洋科学,1999,(1):44-47.
[12]  WU, X Z, LIU, Y J, LI, D F, et al. Ultrastructure and histopathology of a prokaryotic organism causing systemic infection in the scallops Chlamys farreri and Argopecten irradians in China[J]. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, in press. 2005
[13]  李登峰,孙敬锋,吴信忠.栉孔扇贝体内寄生的病毒的分离纯化及其形态学观察[J].2002,海洋学报,24(4):145-148.
[14]  王秀华,王崇明,李筠,等.胶州湾栉孔扇贝大规模死亡的流行病学调查[J].水产学报,2002,26(2):149-155.
[15]  吴信忠,潘金培.热带海洋珍珠贝立克次体病研究:Ⅴ.超微病理学及致病机理研究[J].海洋学报,21(3):113-118.
[16]  WU Xin-zhong, PAN J. An intracellular prokaryotic microorganism associated with lesions in the oyster Crassostrea ariakensis Gould[J]. Journal of Fish Diseases, 2000, 23(6):409-414.
[17]  LEIBOVITZ. Chlamidiosis: a newly reported serious disease of larval and postmetamorphic bay scallop Argopecten irridians Lamarck)[J]. J Fish Diseases. 1989,12(2) :126-136.
[18]  AAEVEDO C, VILLALBA A. Extracellular giant rickettsiae associated with bacteria in the gill of Crassostrea gigas (Mollusca, Bivalvia)[J] . Journal of Invertebrate Pathology , 1991,58(1): 75-81.
[19]  RENAULT T,COCHENNEC N. Rickettsia-like organisms in the cytoplasm of gill epithelial cells of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas[J]. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology , 1994,64(2) : 160-162.
[20]  WU Xin-zhong,PAN J. Studies on rickettsia-like organism disease of the tropical marine pearl oyster. 1. The fine structure and morphogenesis of Pinctada maxima pathogen rickettsia-like organism[J]. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 1999,73(2) :162-167.
[21]  HINE P M, DIGGLES B K. Prokaryote infections in the New Zealand scallops Pecten novaezelandiae and Chlamys delicatula [J]. Dis Aquat Org ,2002,50(2): 137-144.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133