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考虑下渗海水稀释作用的海底热液活动系统数学模型

, PP. 80-86

Keywords: 海底热液循环,下渗海水稀释,分支循环,主循环

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Abstract:

在简单巨羽流生成模型基础上,考虑下渗海水对循环热液的稀释作用设计建立了管状模型,旨在讨论下渗海水(在海底普遍存在)对热液循环系统的影响。在保持原模型基本结构的基础上又添加了代表下渗低温海水稀释作用的D区。模型着重对D区中的低温下渗海水(未经反应区加热)与释放区热液的混合,从而对实现热液稀释的作用进行分析。首先建立系统中两个循环体的控制方程,然后在有限条件下对模型求解,并对求解的结果进行实际意义的分析。主要结论包括下渗区D区作为释放区时,D区释放流体的物质流速已明显大于C区中流体的物质流速,下渗区成为另一个喷溢区;如果在烟囱体下部有裂缝或者其外壳的渗透率较高时,对系统所释放流体的温度、物质通量等指标的估算不能再按常规方法单纯地考虑烟囱体的喷口,因为周围的"高渗区"可能是更大的释放区;对于巨羽流系统,由于释放区C区的压力较小,所以不太可能发生上述情况;具有明显低温流的天然系统不可能位于本模型的参数空间;对热液系统发育的不同阶段应采用不同的数学模型。

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