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食蚊鱼对水生昆虫的捕食选择性研究

DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.2012.01.009, PP. 44-47

Keywords: 食蚊鱼,捕食选择性,水生昆虫

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Abstract:

为了解食蚊鱼Gambusiaaffinis对华南地区水生昆虫多样性的影响,在实验室条件下,以食蚊鱼栖境中有代表性的3种水生昆虫为猎物,研究食蚊鱼的捕食选择性.结果表明,在单捕食者-多种猎物作用系统中,当猎物密度较低时,食蚊鱼对不同猎物的捕食选择性差异不显著。但随猎物密度的增加,食蚊鱼对白纹伊蚊Aedesalbopictus幼虫和蛹的捕食量明显增加,对摇蚊Chironomuskiiensis幼虫和蜉蝣Cloeonbengalense稚虫的捕食量下降.在单捕食者-2种猎物的作用系统中,在猎物比例相同的情况下,食蚊鱼更喜欢捕食白纹伊蚊幼虫;但是在猎物总数不变的情况下,改变猎物比例,对食蚊鱼总的捕食量影响不大。说明食蚊鱼喜欢捕食漂浮于水面上、会动的活体猎物,对死的或不动的猎物不敏感,且对蚊子幼虫具有明显的嗜好性。

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