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矮杆基因对春小麦植株生长发育的影响及对子粒产量的间接作用

DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.1998.04.001, PP. 1-7

Keywords: 春小麦,矮秆基因,半矮秆基因,近等基因系,生长特性

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Abstract:

利用以春小麦品种AprilBearded为背景的含有不同矮秆基因Rht1、Rht2、Rht3、Rht1+Rht2和Rht2+Rht3的5个近等基因系,研究了不同矮秆基因对小麦生长发育的作用。结果表明:Rht1半矮秆基因显着缩短了小麦植株生长发育进程,促进了地上部干物质积累,加大了旗叶面积和倒二叶面积,提高了单株成穗率,减少了无效分蘖;Rht2半矮秆基因显着增大了倒二叶面积,提高了单株成穗率和穗长,减少了无效分蘖;Rht3矮秆基因显着加大了旗叶面积,但对地上部干物质的积累、单株成穗和穗长均有显着的负向作用;Rht1+Rht2基因结合没有突出的优势存在:Rht2和Rht3基因结合对有利于提高小麦产量性状的作用均为负向最大;上述3种矮秆基因及其不同的结合形式均有显着的使茎秆矮化的作用。因此认为Rht1半矮秆基因在小麦育种中利用价值较大,Rht3矮秆基因利用价值则较小。

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