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牦牛MSTN基因内含子Ⅱ遗传多样性研究

DOI: 10.7668/hbnxb.2009.05.004, PP. 16-19

Keywords: 牦牛,MSTN基因,内含子Ⅱ,PCR-SSCP,多态性

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Abstract:

利用PCR-SSCP技术研究了5个牦牛群体共计401头个体的MSTN基因第2内含子的多态性。结果表明:牦牛MSTN基因第2内含子存在多态性,测序发现该片段第192bp处有一个A到G的单碱基突变。所检测的5个牦牛群体中,除新疆巴州牦牛群体未检测到AA基因型,其他4个群体中均发现AA、AB和BB3种基因型,大通牦牛、甘南牦牛、青海高原牦牛群体中均以BB型为优势基因型,而天祝白牦牛和新疆巴州牦牛则以AB为优势基因型。不同牦牛群体中均检测到A,B两个等位基因,并且B基因频率均高于A基因频率,B等位基因为各牦牛群体中的优势等位基因。各群体经过χ2检验,在该基因座上,甘南牦牛、天祝白牦牛、青海高原牦牛3个群体处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05),大通牦牛、新疆巴州牦牛两个群体处于不平衡状态(P>0.05)。分析了5个牦牛群体的遗传结构,发现大通牦牛的基因杂合度、有效等位基因数、多态信息含量等均最低,分别为:0.171,1.207,0.157;而天祝白牦牛的基因杂合度,有效等位基因数、多态信息含量等均最高,分别为:0.490,1.961,0.370;新疆巴州牦牛的基因杂合度、有效等位基因数、多态信息含量等均略低于天祝白牦牛。

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