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规模经营稻田土壤养分空间变异特征与高效平衡施肥效应

DOI: 10.7668/hbnxb.2010.S1.047, PP. 205-211

Keywords: 规模经营稻田,土壤养分,作物产量,空间变异,平衡施肥效应

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Abstract:

采用传统统计和地统计相结合的方法,对规模经营的黑龙江江川农场76.5hm2水稻田土壤养分空间变异特征与高效平衡施肥效应进行了研究。试区土壤养分主要限制因子是N、P、K和Zn,不同土壤养分的变异情况各不相同;三种网格(50m×50m、100m×100m和150m×150m)取样尺度下试区9个水稻田块间土壤主要养分含量差异总体上均显著,但同一田块三种网格取样尺度下土壤主要养分含量差异总体上均不显著;三种网格取样尺度的同一土壤速效养分在空间分布上具有较明显的空间相似性。表明按150m×150m网格进行土壤取样,能对规模经营稻田不同田块土壤主要养分状况进行正确评价;对规模经营的江川农场试区稻田可按田块(6.3~12.9hm2/田块)为管理单元进行土壤养分分区管理。在上述工作基础上,利用作物优质高产推荐施肥咨询服务系统,形成了试区水稻高效分区平衡施肥技术。该技术增产4.3%~11.2%,增收779~1532元/hm2

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