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三江平原农田土壤重金属含量的空间变异与来源分析

DOI: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.S1.066, PP. 353-359

Keywords: 三江平原,土壤重金属,空间变异,地统计分析,主成分分析

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Abstract:

为了解三江平原农田土壤重金属含量并摸清其来源,通过野外调查取样,结合地统计学和经典相关分析方法,分析了三江平原农田土壤Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni、Hg及As含量的空间变异与来源,结果表明:研究区Hg的变异系数为100%,属于高度的空间异质性,其他7种重金属含量的变异系数为34.68%~51.93%,具有中等空间异质性。土壤重金属含量呈斑块状、条带状、大斑块状零星块状分布特征。三江平原农田土壤中Pb、Ni和Zn的平均值低于黑龙江省土壤背景值,其他5种重金属含量均高于黑龙江省土壤背景值,即表现为累积的特征,但8种重金属含量的平均值与最大值均未超过(GB15618-1995)国家二级标准限值,土壤质量良好。经Pearson相关系数法、地统计分析和主成分分析得出,Pb、Cu和Cr主要来自于自然源,其余各元素主要由人为源构成,且人为源中占主导地位的是化肥和农药的大量施用及燃煤尘。

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