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低温胁迫下丛枝菌根真菌对玉米幼苗形态、生长和光合的影响

DOI: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.S1.031, PP. 155-161

Keywords: 低温胁迫,丛枝菌根,叶绿素荧光,光合作用

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Abstract:

为了解丛枝菌根真菌对玉米抗寒性的作用及其机理,利用盆栽试验,研究了低温胁迫下丛枝菌根(AM)真菌接种处理对玉米幼苗形态、生长和光合特征的影响。研究显示,低温胁迫下,与非AM真菌接种处理玉米相比,接种玉米具有更大的叶片大小和更高的地上生物量。低温胁迫降低了玉米叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr),增加了叶片胞间CO2浓度(Ci)。接种丛枝菌根真菌的玉米Pn、Gs和Tr高于不接种植株,而Ci低于不接种植株。低温胁迫下,玉米叶片初始荧光(Fo)升高,而可变荧光(Fv)、最大荧光(Fm)、最大光化学效率(Fm/Fv)和潜在光化学效率(Fv/Fo)均下降。无论常温或低温,接种AM真菌玉米叶片Fm和Fv高于非接种植株,同时,接种真菌玉米的叶片Fm/Fv和Fv/Fo也均高于不接种植株。研究结果表明,低温能够对玉米幼苗的生长和光合生理造成严重伤害;低温胁迫下,接种AM真菌能够通过其对玉米植株的保护和促进作用改善玉米的生长,以及对叶片光合系统的保护作用提高玉米的光合能力,增强玉米幼苗的抗寒能力。

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