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小麦株高QTL定位及其水分环境互作遗传分析

DOI: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.05.014, PP. 83-91

Keywords: 小麦,干旱胁迫,株高,QTL定位,环境互作

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Abstract:

为探讨小麦株高(PH)分子数量性状遗传及其QTL与水分环境互作关系,以冬小麦重组近交系群体(RIL)(陇鉴19(耐旱)×Q9086(水分敏感))120个株系为试验材料,采用条件复合区间作图法对4个环境不同水分条件下株高进行QTL定位分析。结果表明,小麦RIL群体株高对水分环境反应敏感,群体中各株系呈现广泛变异和超亲分离,属于微效多基因控制的复杂数量性状,易受水分环境影响。共检测到19个和45对控制株高的加性QTL(A-QTL)和上位性QTL(AA-QTL),分布在除3D以外的其他20条染色体上。这些A-QTL和AA-QTL表达通过正向或负向调控影响株高表型变异,贡献率分别为0.47%~7.14%和0.34%~2.93%。发现了2个多环境均能稳定表达的A-QTL(Qph.acs-5A.1和Qph.acs-7A.1),以及2个A-QTL热点区域(Xbarc1072~XBarc167(2B)和Xksum253~Xbarc164(5B))。所检测到的A-QTL和AA-QTL与干旱胁迫环境互作普遍负向调控株高表型。加性效应和上位性效应是决定小麦株高的主要遗传因子。在干旱胁迫条件下,这种遗传主效应均不同程度降低株高表型。可为小麦抗旱遗传改良和分子标记辅助选择育种奠定理论基础。

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